Pediatric Chalazion Case Report

Abstract

Background and Objectives A chalazion, also known as a stye, is a common and chronic inflammatory problem of the eyelids where one or more Meibomian glands are blocked. Previous studies have shown that a chalazion is a sign of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD) and evaporative dry eye disease. The prevalence of chalazia in the pediatric population has recently been noted. In this report, we will describe two pediatric cases of chalazion that are associated with MGD and related dry eye disease.  Methods This is a case report of non-genetically related 7-year-old and 16-year-old patients as they were each seen for newly developed chalazia. Results External exam in both patients showed chalazia, waxy plugs and poor Meibomian gland expression. Meibography showed shorten, truncated, and dilated Meibomian glands with rapid tear break-up times leading to the diagnosis of evaporative dry eye disease due to MGD. Conclusion These cases serve to confirm an increase in the prevalence of MGD in the pediatric population and to emphasize the need for early screening for dry eye disease.  Key Words: Chalazion - Meibomian gland dysfunction - Pediatric Dry Eye Disease