Maple polyphenols inhibit sortase and drastically reduce Streptococcus mutans biofilms

Abstract

This study highlights the potential of natural compounds from maple to combat Streptococcus mutans , the bacteria responsible for tooth decay. We identified sortase inhibition as a key mechanism by which maple-derived polyphenols prevent the formation of biofilms on tooth-like surfaces. One of these compounds, (-)-epicatechin gallate, which is also abundant in tea leaves, emerges as a powerful and safe alternative to traditional plaque-fighting agents. Its natural abundance, affordability, and lack of toxicity make it especially promising for inclusion in oral care products like mouthwashes, offering a safer option for children who often accidentally swallow them.