South African Tick Bite Fever: An Overview

Abstract

The rickettsiae are a diverse group of vector-borne zoonotic bacterial pathogens. The two common spotted fever diseases in existence in southern Africa are boutonneuse fever-like tick bite fever (TBF), caused by Rickettsia conorii, and African TBF, caused by R. africae. This review addresses demographic, epidemiological, clinical, diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive aspects of TBF in the southern African context, including a discussion of the dermatopathological findings and potential diagnostic pitfalls.