Caesarean Section Characteristics Based on Robson Classification at Sanglah Hospital

Abstract

Background: Improving maternal and child health can be achieved through programs aimed at reducing maternal mortality rate (MMR) and infant mortality rate (IMR). Apart from going through a normal delivery, labor can also be done by abdominal surgery/ cesarean section (CS). A safe and timely Cesarean Section (CS) remains a major challenge in countries with high MMR, which poses new challenges to these countries in being able to minimize CS without clinical indication. This study aims to determine the rates and characteristics of patients underwent CS, indications of CS, as well as the rate of CS based on Robson's classification system. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study of labor and delivery cases in the Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar was conducted from the period of 1stJanuary 2018 - 31st December 2018. Results: From 1121 deliveries in 2018, the rates of CS in that period were 34.3%. As many as 28.1% were the age of 25-29 years. The 31.9% subjects were primigravida, with the gestational age was term around 66%. The majority of samples around 73.2% did not have a history of previous CS. Using Robson criteria, we found that the biggest contribution for CS rate was from group 10 (23.38%), then group 5 (15.84%) and group 2 (13.51%). Conclusion: Around 385 cases of labor with CS were obtained from a total of 1121 deliveries in 2018 (34.3%). The highest rate was found in the age group of 25-29 years, mothers with first pregnancy (primigravida), most of the gestational age was term, majority did not have a history of previous CS and the highest contribution of CS rate was from Robson group 10 (23.38%).