Dengue hemorrhagic fever: The role of Soluble E-Selektin, Soluble Intra Cellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (Sicam-1) and Soluble Vascular Cellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (Svcam-1) in overweight children

Abstract

Introduction: Adhesion molecule (E-selectin, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1) have a crucial role in neutrophil extravasation caused by endothelial cell activation in viral Dengue infection. In overnutritious state, the serum adiponectin level is tend to be lower which limit its ability to inhibit the expression of pro inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL-6 and NF-kB) and adhesion molecules. There is also increased level of TNFα, IL-1 β, IL-6, IL-8 which increase the expression of adhesion molecules even further. However, the role of sE-selectin, sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 in pediatric DHF patient with overweight is need to be evaluated. Methods: An analytic observational nested case-control study was conducted in Paediatric Division Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia from January 2015 to October 2016 which DHF as a cases and DD as a control. Diagnosis of dengue infection was according to WHO 1997. Result: This study showed that overweight increased the risk of DSS although it was not statistically significant (OR: 2.67; 95%CI 0.72-9.95). The level of sE-selectin, sICAM-1, and sVCAM-1 yield no significant differences in all categories except for the level of sVCAM-1 in DF group. Conclusion: Role of sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 except sE-selektin showed that the means level of sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 in DHF, DF, DSS and non-DSS group with overweight was found to be consistently higher than normal weight but it was not statistically significant.