The principles and effectiveness of X-ray scatter correction software for diagnostic X-ray imaging: A scoping review

Abstract

Purpose: An anti-scatter grid is often used in X-ray radiography to reduce the scattered X-rays generated from the patient. However, the presence of a grid means the patient dose subsequently increases. Recently, several manufacturers have developed software that is capable of correcting for scattered X-rays without the use of a conventional grid. This scoping review aims to systematically map the research assessing scattering correction software and to identify any existing knowledge gaps. Methods: This scoping review involved conducting a systematic search in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of science to reveal studies that were relevant to the research question. Articles published between 01.01.2000 and 31.12.2021 examining X-ray scatter correction software for X-ray imaging were included. A part of the PRISMA model and PICO framework were utilised to establish eligibility criteria. A structured summary table was utilised to extract data from the selected articles. Results: In this scoping review, 20 years of literature in X-ray conventional radiography. 11 articles were included in the data synthesis. The study populations of the included studies were varied: patients, image quality phantoms and anatomical phantoms. The clinical applications of X-ray scatter correction software were found to be limited to specific body parts (cervical spine, chest, shoulder, lumbar spine, hip and pelvis). The scatter correction software appears to be effective in terms of image quality and in reducing the radiation dose. However, the conventional grid still provides a higher image quality. Conclusions: X-ray scatter correction software can be effective and provides potential benefits for some circumstances or clinical scenarios.