Comparism of Bioactive Components in Hydroethanol Extract of Corchorus olitorius and Amaranthus hybridus Leaves

Abstract

The importance of dietary vegetables cannot be overemphasised. This study aimed to screen the bioactive compounds present in C. olitorius and A. hybridus hydroethanol (30:70%v/v) extract. A gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) was used for characterising the phytocomponents. A. hybridus had 9 compounds compared to C. olitorius, which had 15 compounds. Neophytadiene, hexadecenoic acid methyl ester, 9-octadecenoic acid methyl ester, phytol, and methyl stearate were present in both extracts. C. olitorius alone contained bicyclo (3,1,1) heptane, 2,6,6 trimethyl, 2-tridecanone, pyridine-3-carboxamide,4-dimethylamino-N-(2,4-difluorophenyl), octadecenal and octadecane 1-etheyloxyl while 2-pentadecanone, 6, 10, 14-trimethyl-, dodecanoic acid, ethyl 9-hexadecenoate and 3, 7, 11, 15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadece-1-ol were present in A. hybridus only. The three main compounds present in C. olitorius were hexadecenoic acid (21.99%), octadecane 1-ethenyloxy (19.51%) and hexadecanal (18.08%). In A. hybridus, hexadecenoic acid (43.75%), methyl stearate (23.43%), and phytol (10.90%) were the most common compounds. The bioactive constituents identified have numerous applications such as antimicrobial, flavour enhancing, anti-tumour, anti-inflammatory, chemo signalling, antidiarrheal, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, cytotoxic, and insecticidal properties.