Novel approach for effective removal of methylene blue dye from water using fava bean peel waste

Abstract

Fava bean peels, Vicia faba (FBP) are investigated as biosorbents for the removal of Methylene Blue (MB) dye from aqueous solutions through a novel and efficient sorption process utilizing ultrasonic-assisted (US) shaking. Ultrasonication remarkably enhanced sorption rate relative to conventional (CV) shaking, while maintaining the same sorption capacity. Ultrasonic sorption rate amounted to four times higher than its conventional counterpart at 3.6 mg/L initial dye concentration, 5 g/L adsorbent dose, and pH 5.8. Under the same adsorbent dose and pH conditions, percent removal ranged between 70–80% at the low dye concentration range (3.6–25 mg/L) and reached about 90% at 50 mg/L of the initial dye concentration. According to the Langmuir model, maximum sorption capacity was estimated to be 140 mg/g. A multiple linear regression statistical model revealed that adsorption was significantly affected by initial concentration, adsorbent dose and time. FBP could be successfully utilized as a low-cost biosorbent for the removal of MB from wastewater via US biosorption as an alternative to CV sorption. US biosorption yields the same sorption capacities as CV biosorption, but with significant reduction in operational times.