Correction of motion artifacts using a multiscale fully convolutional neural network

Abstract

Background and Purpose: Motion artifacts are a frequent source of image degradation in the clinical application of MR imaging (MRI). Here we implement and validate an MRI motion-artifact correction method using a multiscale fully convolutional neural network. Materials and Methods: The network was trained to identify motion artifacts in axial T2-weighted spin-echo images of the brain. Using an extensive data augmentation scheme and a motion artifact simulation pipeline, we created a synthetic training dataset of 93,600 images based on only 16 artifact-free clinical MRI cases. A blinded reader study using a unique test dataset of 28 additional clinical MRI cases with real patient motion was conducted to evaluate the performance of the network. Results: Application of the network resulted in notably improved image quality without the loss of morphologic information. For synthetic test data, the average reduction in mean squared error was 41.84%. The blinded reader study on the real-world test data resulted in significant reduction in mean artifact scores across all cases (P