Unveiling Respiratory Challenges in Cerebral Palsy: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

Respiratory issues pose significant challenges for individuals with cerebral palsy (CP), often leading to high morbidity and mortality rates. This review focuses on the complex factors influencing the respiratory health of CP patients. Recurrent lung infections are a leading cause of CP-related complications, underlining the importance of optimizing airway health to enhance quality of life and life expectancy. The diagnosis of respiratory diseases in CP patients can be challenging due to atypical symptoms, indirect communication, limited investigations, and accessibility to medical examinations. Common risk factors for lung infections include recurrent aspiration, compromised airway clearance, and spinal or chest wall deformities. Additionally, nutritional status significantly impacts outcomes, with malnutrition prevalent among CP patients and influencing both respiratory health and overall well-being. An interdisciplinary approach is crucial to managing these multifaceted issues, necessitating the collaboration of specialists and interventions targeting various aspects of CP-related respiratory problems. This review emphasizes the significance of early identification, comprehensive evaluation, and tailored interventions to improve the respiratory health of individuals with CP. Biomed Rev 2023; 34: 121-132