Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy: Basic Principles and Some Applications

Abstract

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is a powerful tool for investigating material properties and the reactions that take place at the electrode interface. EIS has some advantages when compared to other electrochemical techniques, such as: (i) the use of sligth signals that do not change the electrode properties, (ii) the possibility of studying corrosion reactions, as well as measuring corrosion rates in low conductivity and (iii) determination of the electrical double layer capacitance and charge transfer resistance in a single measurement. Although there are numerous works in the literature that report the advantages of the EIS technique, there is a need for detailed work on the mathematical tooling, as well as some simple applications. In this sense, this bibliographic review work presents the historical context of the EIS technique, the basic principles and some applications in the areas of corrosion of metallic materials, supercapacitors and lithium-ion batteries.