Vulnerability to brain-drain among academics in institutions of higher learning in Ethiopia

Abstract

This study investigated the extent, causes, and correlates of vulnerability to brain-drain among Ethiopian academics in higher education institutions (HEIs). The sample constituted a total of 103 faculty members (Females 9.3% and Males 90.7%) drawn from three colleges and four faculties affiliated to the Debub University. Data were collected through self-reported measures assessing vulnerability to brain-drain (external brain-drain conceptualized as intention to remain in a western country given that they would have opportunities for further study or research; and internal brain drain defined as a brain circulation within the country), affective job characteristics (job satisfaction and organizational commitment), and work environment factors. The results show that affective job characteristics and work environment variables significantly predicted vulnerability to internal brain-drain. While external brain drain is associated with vulnerability to internal brain drain and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). A closer investigation into the prominence of the pull and push factors further disclosed that working condition and the salary are the outstanding ones. Implications of the findings for policy making are also discussed.