Las actitudes de los Españoles ante las medidas de justicia transicional relativas a la guerra civil y al franquismo

Abstract

Much has been said about the institutional determinants of transitional justice (TJ). Yet, we still have little knowledge about the determinants of citizens' attitudes towards restorative policies aimed at addressing human rights violations of the past. This paper draws from an original survey implemented on a representative sample of Spanish citizens in 2008. One year before, the Spanish socialist government approved the so-called "Law of Historical Memory" that aimed at the restitution of the victims of the Spanish Civil War, the Francoist dictatorship and the transition to democracy. We analyze individual-level attitudes towards a set of TJ policies, i.e. truth commissions, trials, and symbolic reparations. We study the effect of different sets of variables: individual factors (sociodemographic and ideological), family and socialization factors, and context-related factors. Our results reveal that both ideology and family victimization during the dictatorship are highly relevant for explaining individual attitudes towards TJ policies. Contextual (regional) factor show to be crucial as well.