Public Perception of Healthcare and the Potential of Generative AI in Japan: Findings from a Nationwide Survey

Abstract

Introduction: Japan’s healthcare system is lauded for its quality and accessibility, yet challenges like an aging population necessitate innovative solutions such as generative AI. Methods: To explore public perceptions, the Health and Global Policy Institute conducted a nationwide survey in December 2023 with 1,000 valid responses. Results: Satisfaction rose slightly post-pandemic, though equity and inclusion gaps remain. Most respondents were unfamiliar with generative AI (58.6% unaware; 10% users), yet nearly one-third expressed interest and anticipated improvements in service delivery and quality. Preferred overseers of AI were healthcare institutions (25.9%) and government bodies (16.3%). Discussion: These findings suggest that while the public recognizes AI’s potential, low awareness could hamper adoption. Conclusions: To harness generative AI responsibly, Japan must invest in public education, establish transparent policies, and build robust governance frameworks that address equity, ethics, and data stewardship.