Evaluation of Pomegranate Peel Fortified Pan Bread on Body Weight Loss

Abstract

Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) peel is a nutritive, antioxidant rich by-product, easily available after production of pomegranate juice and ready to eat arils. The aim of present study was to utilize of pomegranate peel powder (PPP) as a good source of fiber ingredient and antioxidant bioactive compounds to produce value add bakery product based on pomegranate peel powder 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5% and investigation of weight loss activity in rats fed on high fat diet (HFD). Chemical composition, total phenols, total flavonoids and anti-oxidative activity (DPPH) of PPP and pan breads were determined. Texture profile analysis (TPA), sensory evaluation and physical properties of pan breads were investigated. Pan bread fortified with 2.5% and 5% PPP had higher score in overall acceptability and physical properties when compared to control pan bread and other various concentration (7.5%) of PPP. Thirty-six female albino adult rats with an average weight (180 ±5 g) were divided into six groups 6 rats for each. The first group (G1) fed on basal diet as a (negative control group). The other rats (30 rat) were divided as follow : (G2) fed on HFD as a positive control (PC), (G3) fed on HFD with PPP free pan bread , (G4) received HFD with 2.5% PPP fortified pan bread, (G5) received HFD with 5% PPP fortified pan bread and (G6) fed on HFD with 7.5% PPP fortified pan bread. Food intake, food efficiency, body weight, gain %, epididymal adipose tissue (g) and organs weight were recorded. Serum lipid profile and liver enzymes were analyzed. Our results showed that pomegranate peel powder 7.5% followed by 5% fortified breads reduced body weight by (47.61±1.27% and 40.65±1.11%) respectively, compared with PC group. Total lipid, triglycerides total cholesterol, LDL-C, VLDL-C and liver functions were decreased by increasing of PPP level in pan bread while HDL-C was increased .In conclusion, our results concluded that pomegranate peel powder fortified breads with high fiber and anti- oxidative activities is recommended to gain nutritional and healthy benefits to weight loss activity and the risk of obesity.