Family-Based Comprehensive Geriatric Nursing Care Model to Improve Quality of Life in Elderly Patients with Hypertension

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is the most common chronic disease in older adults and a leading cause of morbidity and reduced quality of life. In Indonesia, the prevalence of hypertension in those aged 60 years and older reaches 63.2%. Treatment approaches still focus on medical aspects, while the role of the family in disease management is often overlooked. Objective: Analyzing the influence of the Family-Based Comprehensive Geriatric Care Model on improving the Quality of Life of hypertensive elderly in the Kratonan Community Health Center's supervised area. Method: The study used a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test post-test with control group design. The sample was determined by purposive sampling. A total of 66 elderly hypertensive patients who met the inclusion criteria were divided into two groups: 33 respondents in the intervention group and 33 respondents in the control group. The instrument used was the WHOQOL-OLD questionnaire with six main domains: sensory abilities, autonomy, past-present-future activities, social participation, attitudes towards death, and intimacy. Data analysis was performed using paired sample t-test and independent sample t-test with a significance level of p<0.05. Results: There was a significant increase in Quality of Life scores after the intervention (mean pre-test 67.73 to post-test 80.33; p = 0.000), with improvements in all six WHOQOL-OLD domains. Conclusion: The Family-Based Comprehensive Geriatric Care Model effectively improves the quality of life of hypertensive elderly through family empowerment, health education, and continuous social support at the primary care level.