Perceived group discrimination and the integration paradox in stigmatized neighborhoods

Abstract

Goede referenties naar integratie paradox. -> check ook de reply letter van de auteur in mapje van gereviewde artikelen. (zie Alexandro Portes who already documented the integration paradox among Mexican migrants in the US in the 1980s and the book of Rahsaan Maxwell titled 'Integration Paradox'. Zie ook papers van Rahsaan Maxwell. EERDERE LITERATUUR: the vast majority of scholarship theorizes that more (culturally) integrated individuals are able to decode social mores and political norms, and are therefore more perceptive of even the most subtle forms of differential treatment and discrimination when it occus (Lajevardi et al., 2020). Less integrated individuals might have lower expectations and generally be more positive towards host societies (Maxwell, 2010) whereas their foreign-background descendants must more regularly negotiate their cultural identity and difference both at home as well as in public spaces where they regularly encounter and interact with the national majority, suchas in school, at work, etc (Yazdiha, 2019) DEZE STUDIE: komt integratieparadox voor in achterstandswijken in Zweden (onderzoek in 2 highly stigmatized neighborhoods). Kort antwoord: JA. hele artikel gaat over ervaren groepsdiscriminatie onderzoek met (niet representatieve steekproeven) in 2 wijken, panel met 2 metingen: (1) mensen met migratieachtergrond (1e en 2e generatie) ervaren meer perceived group discrimination als ze meer (cultureel) geintegreerd zijn. Want relatie met ervaren groepsdiscriminatie en: (1a) hoger opgeleide migranten ervaren meer discriminatie (1b) mensen die in Zweden geboren zijn (2e gen) meer ervaren discriminatie dan mensen die niet in Zweden geboren zijn (1e gen) n.b. mbt ethnicity en religie nog gekeken naar: (1b1) huidskleur: Black ervaart meer discriminatie dan European origin migrants. Ook de groep van Asian/MENA ervaren meer discriminatie dan Europese, maar dit verschil is niet in alle modellen significant. Rangorde van weinig naar veel ervaren discriminatie = Europese achtergrond, Asian/MENA, Black (1b2) religie: moslims ervaren meer discriminatie dan niet-moslims (2) 'effect' van perceived discriminatie op outcomes: minder institutioneel vertrouwen, minder positieve attitude tegenover Zweden, minder identificatie als Zweed. Nb effecten zijn vooral sterk voor institutioneel vertrouwen. Dit is ook de enige mediatie die significant is: alleen de mediatie van 'born in Zweden'---> meer ervaren discriminatie ---> minder institutioneel vertrouwen, is significant. Aanvullende analyse: er is een interactie tussen 'born in Zweden' en politieke interesse: alleen onder de 2e generatie is er een relatie tussen politieke interesse en ervaren groepsdiscriminatie. Dus het volgen van het (negatieve) politieke klimaat is belangrijk. (of het political discourse around social injustices and discriminatory processes is picked up by the political interested who were born in the country. Onder foreign-born resident is er geen effect van politieke interesse. waarschijnlijk volgen zij meer de politiek in hun land van herkomst. abstract van paper: Residents of “European Banlieues,” or stigmatized neighborhoods in urban peripheries across Europe, are frequent targets of discrimination. Scholars have previously found evidence of an “integration paradox,” where the most integrated people with foreign backgrounds perceive the most discrimination, and correspondingly, demonstrate less trust towards societal institutions. In this research note, we evaluate whether the integration paradox extends to migrant-origin residents of “Banlieues.” Using an original two-wave panel survey of those with foreign backgrounds from two of Sweden’s most deprived neigborhoods, we evaluate which subsets are most likely to perceive the most discrimination and whether perceived discrimination matters for their political incorporation. Our findings indicate the presence of an integration paradox in these communities, where greater acculturation is associated with less integration and more perceived marginalization: native-born residents are consistently more likely than foreign-born ones to report discrimination. Moreover, perceptions of discrimination are not without political consequence: discrimination reduces trust in national institutions and in ordinary Swedes, and is associated with a weaker Swedish national identity. These findings highlight evidence of pockets of discrimination in diverse and disadvantaged neighborhoods in European welfare states, and point to the detrimental consequences of perceived systematic exclusion.