NT-proBNP <95 ng/l can exclude pulmonary hypertension on echocardiography at diagnostic workup in patients with interstitial lung disease

Abstract

Background : Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a serious complication to interstitial lung disease (ILD) and has a poor prognosis. PH is often diagnosed by screening with echocardiography followed by right heart catheterisation. A previous study has shown that a value of NT-pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) <95 ng/l could be used to rule out PH in patients with ILD. Aim : To evaluate this rule-out test for PH in a new cohort of incident patients with ILD. Methods : An established database with data from 148 consecutive patients referred from January 2012 to October 2014 was used to identify patients and obtain data from echocardiography, NT-proBNP, diagnosis and lung function. Signs of PH on echocardiography were defined as a tricuspid pressure gradient (TR) ≥40 mmHg, decreased right ventricular systolic function or dilatation. Sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV) and positive predictive value (PPV) of NT-proBNP >95 ng/l for signs of PH on echocardiography were calculated. The study was approved by the Danish Health Authority. Results : In 118 patients, data from both echocardiography and measurements of NT-proBNP were available. Eleven of these were screened positive for PH on echocardiography. Sensitivity, specificity, NPV and PPV of NT-proBNP <95 ng/l for PH were 100, 44, 16 and 100%, respectively. Furthermore, no patients with left heart failure as the cause of dyspnoea were missed using this cut-off value. Conclusion : NT-proBNP <95 ng/l precludes a positive echocardiographic screen for PH in ILD patients at referral for diagnostic workup. Keywords: lung fibrosis; biomarker; brain natriuretic peptides; diagnosis; cor pulmonale; idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; IPF (Published: 29 July 2016) Citation: European Clinical Respiratory Journal 2016, 3 : 32027 - http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/ecrj.v3.32027