Mielopati Non Kompresif: Pendekatan Diagnosis

Abstract

Mielopati merupakan kondisi patologis medula spinalis yang mengakibatkan gangguan fungsi motorik, sensorik dan otonom. Mielopati dibagi dua jenis yaitu mielopati kompresif dan mielopati non kompresif. Mielopati non kompresif disebabkan oleh berbagai etiologi seperti infeksi, demielinisasi, vaskular, otoimun atau gangguan metabolik. Pada tatalaksana mielopati akut, prioritas utama adalah menentukan penyebab dengan magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Mielopati kompresif yang merupakan kondisi gawat darurat, sebagian memerlukan penanganan bedah, sedangkan sebagian besar penatalaksanaan mielopati non kompresif dengan terapi medikamentosa. Myelopathy describes pathologic conditions of spinal cord resulting in loss of spinal motor, sensory, and autonomic function. Myelopathy can be divided into two broad categories of non compressive and compressive myelopathy. Non compressive myelopathy may result from infectious, demyelinating, vascular, autoimmune, and metabolic disorders. In acute myelopathy, the utmost priority is to exclude acute compressive cause by MR imaging. Some cases of compressive myelopathy presented as a neurological emergency are managed surgically, but vast majority of non compressive myelopathy are medically managed.