The growth, production and chemical compounds of Chlorella sp. In various concentrations of palm oil wastewater in laboratory culture media

Abstract

The growth, production, and content of chemical compounds in Chlorella sp. in various concentrations of liquid waste from palm oil were examined from June to November 2019, located in the Palm Oil Industry, SeiGaluh, Kampar, Indonesia. Five different concentrations of oil palm wastewater, i.e., 15 %, 20 %, 25 %, 30 % and 0.0 % (control) were studied. The results of this study indicated that oil palm wastewater was able to increase the growth, production, and chemical content of Chlorella sp. The best growth for Chlorella sp. was found at a concentration of 25 % oil palm wastewater, with cell density (8.5 106 cells/mL), biomass (0.77 g/L), after being cultured for 13 days (culture period). Chemical compounds in Chlorella sp. also increased at a concentration of 25 %, and it was found that protein content was 45.09 %, lipid was 10.85 %, and carbohydrate was 12.77 %. The concentration of nitrate and phosphate in culture media was known to have decreased, where the highest reduction in nitrate occurred at the concentration of oil palm liquid waste of 25 %, from the initial state of 14.34 to 3.17 mg/L at the end of culture. There was a decrease in phosphate, from the initial conditions, 1.82 mg/L to 0.34. mg/L at the end of the study. Chlorella biomass harvested in this study was used as a complementary food material (pellets) for livestock in the province of Riau.