Plant Proteome in Response to Abiotic Stresses

Abstract

Abiotic stresses, including drought, heat, salinity, waterlogging, and toxic metal stress, can negatively impact plant growth, leading to reduced crop yield and quality. Plants employ two key strategies, avoidance and tolerance, to adapt to such stress, making cellular and metabolic adjustments to withstand adverse conditions. Acclimatization results in significant changes in a plant's proteome, crucial for its stress response. Proteins encoded by a plant's genome play a vital role in environmental adaptation , supporting biotechnological advancements in plant breeding, utilizing data from proteomic investigations. Proteomics provides unique insights into post-translational modifications and their impact on crop yield. Subcellular proteomics aids in understanding cellular responses and interactions during growth and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Proteomic tools, like mass spectrometry, liquid chromatography, protein microarrays, and antibody-based assays, are integral to proteomic studies, contributing to our understanding of protein functions and interactions. Developing stress-tolerant crops is crucial for enhancing crop productivity and growth.