Prevalence and risk factors of prenatal depression among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at Adventist Hospital, Bekwai Municipality, Ghana

Abstract

AbstractDepression, arising in the perinatal period are a major health issue in low- and middle-income countries. However, little attention has been paid in the research of depression symptoms. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and risk factors of depression during pregnancy.A cross-sectional study was conducted in pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at Adventist Hospital in the Bekwai Municipality, Ghana, between February and May 2020. Information on sociodemographic, medical, and obstetric factors were collected from the antenatal booklet and prenatal depression symptoms was defined as a patient health questionnaire scores ≥10. Descriptive statistics, Chi-Squared test, and Fisher exact test were used to analyze dichotomous variables. Multivariate logistic regression model was applied to estimate the adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and 95% confidence interval (95% confidence interval [CI]) for risk factors associated with prenatal depression. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 20.0.The prevalence of prenatal depression in this study was 26.9% (95% CI; 24.6%-29.2%). Advance maternal age ≥35years (AOR=1.49, 95% CI 1.05-2.11, P <35years and higher educational attainment respectively. Similarly, nulliparous women (AOR=4.93, 95% CI 1.60-15.16, P