Quinoa BRS Piabiru: Alternativa para diversificar os sistemas de produ????o de gr??os

Abstract

Diversification of production systems contributes to improve income, to reduce costs, to improve nutrient availability, to protect the soil, to reduce negative environmental impact, and, to provide raw material. The Andean crop quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.), a Chenopodiaceae, presents outstanding characteristics of drought tolerance, high quality of kernel protein, low cholesterol content, absence of gluten (suitable to celiac patients), utilisation as animal feed. The species presents variability, with days from emergence to maturity varying between 80 to 150, under savannah conditions. The fruit, achene type, is Small and flat in shape, without dormancy. The BRS Piabiru, the first recommended quinoa for cropping system in Brazil, was a selection of breeding line EC 3, originating from a plant population of Quito, Ecuador. After being tested for two years in variety trials, in Central Brazil, it was standardised for agronomic characteristics. Results obtained in succession to soybeans, using residual moisture, and in dry season, under irrigation, showed average yields of 2.8 ton/ha of grain, in 145 days from emergence to maturity. It is a potential component of no till production systems.