Dari Stereotype hingga Subordinasi Perempuan dalam Series Gadis Kretek 2023 Karya Ratih Kumala

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendiskripsikan subordinasi-stereotype akibat ketimpangan gender dalam series Gadis Kretek  karya Ratih Kumala yang tayang di Netflix pada November 2023. Potret perempuan yang mengalami subordinasi dan stereotype direpresentasikan oleh tokoh utama yakni Dasiyah atau Jeng Yah. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan kritik sastra feminis. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dan temuan penelitian disimpulkan bahwa dalam series “Gadis Kretek” ditemukan data mengenai adanya tindak subordinasi-stereotype yang meliputi: subordinasi disebabkan adanya anggapan bahwa perempuan lemah dan tidak cerdas secara berpikir sehingga ia hanya dipekerjakan pada ranah domestic bukan pada ranah public. Stereotype disebabkan adanya anggapan bahwa perempuan adalah sumber dari kesialan dan konstruksi di masyarakat serta kuatnya budaya patriarki pada kala itu. Hasil   penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu bahan dalam memahami karya sastra dengan perspektif feminis. Bagi peneliti lain, karena penelitian ini hanya berfokus pada aspek-aspek yang masih sangat terbatas, diharapkan ada tindak lanjut kegiatan penelitian serupa dengan fokus penelitian yang lebih luas.This research aims to describe subordination-stereotypes due to gender inequality in the series “Gadis Kretek” by Ratih Kumala which will be broadcast on Netflix in November 2023. Potraits of woman who experience subordination and stereotypes are represented by the main character, namely Dasiyah or Jeng Yah. The type of research used is qualitative descriptive research with a feminist literary criticism approach. Based on the results of data analysis and research findings, it was concluded that in the “Gadis Kretek” series data was found regarding the existence of act of subordination stereotypes which include: Subordination is caused by the assumption that women are weak and not intelligent in thinking si they are only employed in the domestic sphere, not in the public sphere. Stereotypes were caused by the assumption that women were the source of bad luck and construction in society as well as the strong patriarchal culture at that time. The results of this research can be used as material in understanding literary works from a feminist perspective. For other research only focuses on very limited aspects, it is hoped that there will be follow-up research activities with a broader research focus.