2D and 3D ground model development for mountainous landslide investigation

Abstract

The 2D and 3D ground models were developed on mountainous landslide investigation. The ground model in the landslide area provided information on the relationship between the landslide structure, characteristics of soil, rock, and groundwater. This study presents an integrative approach in 2D and 3D ground modeling on landslide events in mountainous areas. The methods used geophysical investigations (Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT)) to develop 2D and 3D resistivity distributions, and geotechnical investigations (soil sampling, laboratory testing, and borehole testing) to develop the relationship between resistivity and soil properties, as well as to validate 2D and 3D ERT models. The results showed that low resistivity (<350 ohm.m) refers to well-graded soils and water-saturated materials; medium resistivity (350-722 ohm.m) refers to granular soils, weathered rock, and shale; and high resistivity (>722 ohm.m) refers to bedrock. The 2D and 3D resistivity distribution is able to explain the relationship between resistivity and the characteristics of soil, rock, and groundwater in the mountainous landslide area.