Metabolic Disease Incidence After Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Nationwide Korean Case-Control Study

Abstract

Context: There have been no large-scale reports elucidating the relative risks of developing metabolic diseases in adult allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) recipients compared to the general population. Objective: This work aimed to investigate the relative risk of developing metabolic diseases and cerebrovascular or cardiovascular disease (CVA) in allo-HSCT recipients compared to the general population in a real-world setting, using a large Korean cohort under long-term observation Methods: We conducted a population-based case-control study and analyzed data of 8230 adult allo-HSCT recipients and 32920 healthy individuals matched for age, sex, and index date in a 1:4 ratio, using a nationwide database of the Korean National Health Insurance Service. Thereafter, we established 4 substudies to investigate the relative risks of metabolic disease development following allo-HSCT: hypertension (cohort A study), diabetes (cohort B study), dyslipidemia (cohort C study), and CVA (cohort D study). Results: The 10-year cumulative incidence of metabolic disease in each experimental cohort was statistically significantly higher than that in the control cohort (overall P value