Structural asymmetries and synergies in Lithuania's bioeconomy transformation

Abstract

Agriculture is undergoing a shift driven by the need to address sustainability challenges linked to environmental degradation, resource inefficiency, and uneven technological access across farm structures. This study examines how the twin transformation is defined as the concurrent adoption of digital technologies and ecological practices and supports the development of a sustainable bioeconomy. An approach integrating quantitative farm survey data with descriptive and econometric analysis was employed, combining survey data from 573 farms with detailed financial assessments for a representative targeted subset selection of farms. Key indicators, including a digital technology adoption index and organic production share, were developed to evaluate adoption levels. Statistical analysis of the profile-level data showed that neither digital technology adoption nor organic orientation had a significant effect on net economic benefit per hectare. A strong inverse correlation (r = −0.97) was found between digital adoption and organic farming intensity, indicating that farms with higher digital uptake tended to have a lower share of organic production. This research contributes to understanding the farm-level dynamics of sustainability transitions and emphasizes the importance of aligning technological and ecological innovations to ensure broader participation in the sustainable bioeconomy.