Perceptions, challenges and motivations of scientists regarding public science communication

Abstract

This article presents the results of empirical research, aiming to understand the involvement between scientists and society in general. The objective was to analyze the perceptions of researchers from different areas of knowledge regarding the challenges and motivations for publicly communicating scientific and technological knowledge. The starting question focused on understanding how scientists understand this type of communication and whether they take actions to improve the population's perception of science and technology. A survey was conducted between September and December 2024 among 110 researchers from research and higher education institutions, from different areas of knowledge, and in different Brazilian regions. The findings suggest that researchers' engagement in science communication is not solely driven by individual attitudes but is significantly influenced by institutional structures, incentive systems, and the legitimation of communication as a core academic activity. The rise of digital platforms and the Covid-19 pandemic have highlighted the critical need for enhanced public engagement, advocating for more active and dialogical forms of scientific participation in policymaking. Consequently, researchers assume a dual role as both educators and trust-builders within academic and research institutions.