Patient Safety in Radiology and Medical Imaging

Abstract

Medical imaging is a valuable clinical tool which has led to its growing utilization. Errors in radiology may occur anywhere along the course of a study being ordered, through its acquisition, interpretation, and communication. One specific area of focus for safety in radiology is exposure to ionizing radiation, which has associated immediate and long-term exposure risk. The importance of ordering the correct diagnostic test for a given clinical scenario is critical in maximizing the clinical information provided from the test and minimizing harm from inadequate sensitivity for the indication sought or unnecessary exposure to radiation or other test related risks. When in doubt, consider direct consultation with a radiologist or published appropriateness criteria guidelines. Understanding true risk of radiation exposure is important for achieving ALARA principles but also prevents inappropriate avoidance of exposure when important clinical information needs to be and can be obtained through imaging. Many types of error can occur during the image interpretation process, and understanding the root causes can be helpful in learning from and for creating process improvement efforts. Radiology is a technology intensive field and one that is often at the leading edge of technology development and deployment. Recognizing limitations in technology is important and requires an expert human to determine clinical validity and applicability.