Green synthesis of cerium oxide nanoparticles via Linum usitatissimum seeds extract and assessment of its biological effects

Abstract

In the current work, CeO2-NPs were produced via a green chemistry process via Linum usitatissimum seeds extract as the stabilizing agent. The CeO2-NPs were characterized by the results of analytical techniques such as TGA/DTA, FTIR, UV–vis, XPS, XRD, and FESEM/PSA/EDX. The outcomes of the XRD pattern affirmed the crystalline structure of this product with the suggested size of about 20 nm, while the FESEM/PSA pictures presented spherical morphology. Additionally, the XPS analysis of CeO2-NPs affirmed the presence of a Ce+3 oxidation state in the sample, as well as Ce+4 as the major valence of cerium oxide. The results of the MTT test on Huh-7 cancer cells and HFF normal cells displayed the lack of any significant cytotoxicity even at concentrations up to 1000 µg/mL. Therefore, the obtained synthesized CeO2-NPs through this green method could be suggested as a prospective agent for medical applications due to its non-toxic effects.