Techniques and characteristics of traditional mixed walls using earth and timber. The case of Spain

Abstract

This article presents a study of the traditional construction with mixed walls using earth and timber based on 289 case studies throughout Spain. In order to facilitate their identification and interpretation, the variants in this study have been assorted into constructive groups with similar characteristics. In the discussion chapter, the most common kinds of timber structure and earthen infilling are highlighted, and the way in which they are usually combined is assessed. Conclusions reflect on how the combination of opportunity and adaptation to the context – characteristics essential to vernacular constructions – shed light on a wide range of alternative techniques in this architecture. This article further expands on the existing information on mixed walls using earth and timber, essential to propose studies and projects aiming to protect, retrofit and consolidate this type of architecture in Spain and other countries.