Optimization of ultrasound−assisted extraction of phenolic compounds from wood apple pulp: Identification of phytochemicals using GC−MS

Abstract

In the present work, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) was employed to extract the phenolic compounds from wood apple pulp. A Box-Behnken design was used to optimize the process variables. The results revealed that UAE have significantly higher TPC (17.41±0.13 mg GAE/g dW) and TFC (6.73±0.19 mg RE/g dW) in comparison with solvent extraction that gave noticeably lower TPC (12.01±0.17 mg GAE/g dW) and TFC = 4.47±0.09 mg RE/g dW). Opti-mally obtained extracts of wood apple pulp were subjected to phytochemical screening and it was found that bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane, 2-(1-buten-3-yl)-serve-rogenin acetate, 4H-pyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-, L-(+)--ascorbic acid 2,6-dihexadecanoate, cis-vaccenic acid, thiopene, 2-propyl--phenol, 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl) and octanoic acid were present only in UAE extracts. Since the bioactive component presence is remarkably higher in UAE compared to other techniques, UAE seems to be a better method for the extraction of phenolic compounds from wood apple pulp.