LFC for autonomous hybrid micro grid system of 3 unequal renewable areas using mine blast algorithm

Abstract

This paper ensures the feasibility of the proposed 3-area hybrid micro grid system (3A-HμGS) comprising of highly intermittent energy sources like wind turbine generator (WTG), parabolic trough collector (PTC), and PV arrays. Renewable energy sources (RES) inherently set in power and frequency oscillations as these sources (RES) are extremely influenced by climatic behavior that's why the erection of 3A-HμGS as a controlled dispatchable unit is in fact very difficult to be realized. This proposed system has considered diesel engine generator (DEG) as a back-up source and the energy storage system (ESS) like battery, ultracapacitor and fuel cell as the dynamic devices to make it controllable and reliable. Unwanted frequency deviation has been restricted to a satisfactory limit through GA, PSO and MBA based proportional integral derivative (PID), proportional integral derivative with filter (PIDN) and 2 degree of freedom PID (2DOF-PID) controllers. MBA based 2DOF-PID controllers provide the best coordination among RES, ESS, and DEG to maintain the power quality of 3A-HμGS. A qualitative and quantitative analysis of the dynamic responses under all the controlling actions clearly exhibits the efficacy of the proposed system. Moreover, the system remains stable even after incorporation of natural disturbances like change in wind velocity and solar irradiances which ensure the feasibility and practicality of the proposed 3A-HμGS.