Synthesis, characterization and catalytic activity of ternary oxide catalysts using the microwave-assisted solution combustion method

Abstract

Ni−Co−Al, Ni−Cu−Al and Co−Cu−Al ternary oxide catalysts, with a fixed 5 wt% transition metal loading, were prepared by the microwave-assisted solution combustion method and tested in CO oxidation. The bulk and surface properties of the catalysts were investigated, using XRD, N2 adsorption–desorption, SEM, XPS and TEM techniques. XRD, XPS and TEM results revealed that nickel and cobalt were present as spinels on the surface and in the bulk. Differently, copper was preferentially present in “bulk-like” CuO-segregated phases. No interaction between the couples of transition metal species was detected, and the introduction of Cu-containing precursors into the Ni−Al or Co−Al combustion systems was not effective in preventing the formation of NiAl2 O4 and CoAl2 O4 spinels in the Ni-or Co-containing catalysts. Copper-containing catalysts were the most active, indicating that copper oxides are the effective active species for improving the CO oxidation activity.