Evaluation of Anti-Alzheimer’s Activity of Spirulina Platensis and Clerodendreme inerme Plant Extracts

Abstract

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is the most prevalent cause of dementia globally and its frequency increases as the world's population ages. AD is one of the largest healthcare issues of the 21st century as the primary cause of dementia and neurodegenerative illnesses. An acquired loss of cognitive function across many cognitive areas is referred to as dementia. The animal studies conducted in this research article to determine whether chemical compounds cause AD may be useful in understanding the disease's mechanism and treatment options. Objectives: The current study assessed the effectiveness of C-Phycocyanin (C-PC) from Spirulina platensis and ethanolic extract of Clerodendreme inerme against scopolamine-induced Alzheimer's in mice. Since Clerodendreme inerme and C-PC are rich in active chemical constituents, they function as beneficial antioxidants. These constituents include saponins, oil, fat, phenolic compounds, tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, terpenoids, steroids, amino acids, proteins and carbs. Thus, an assessment of the anti-Alzheimer properties of the ethanolic extract from Clerodendreme inerme and C-Phycocyanin from Spirulina platensis was conducted. Materials and Methods: The study was designed to evaluate prophylactic effect of Spirulina platensis and Clerodendreme inerme against Scopolamine induced Alzheimer’s in mice. Piracetam (200 mg/kg) was used as a standard. The extracts from the plant and leaves of Spirulina platensis and Clerodendreme inerme were screened for anti-alzheimer potential in scopolamine induced Alzheimer’s in mice by administering 0.4 mg/kg b.w/day i.p. as test dose.Behavioral Assessments as well as serum levels of AchE, in vitro and Bio-chemical parameters were assessed. Results: Treated with ethanolic extracts of Clerodendreme inerme, C-PC of Spirulina platensis, it demonstrated a dose-dependent reduction in escape latency time and an increase in time spent in the target quadrant. Clerodendreme inerme and C-PC of Spirulina platensis both reduce the escape latency time and transfer latency time in EPM in a dose-dependent manner. AD rodents treated with ethanolic extracts of Clerodendreme inerme, C-PC of Spirulina platensis demonstrated a dose-dependent rise in percentage change in the Y maze test. Apart from behavioral assessments, extracts from ethanolic extract of Clerodendreme inerme, SP demonstrated a dose-dependent decrease in AchE level, since the loss of ACh resulting from AChE's hydrolytic action causes cognitive impairment. AD rodents that were pretreated with ethanolic extract of Clerodendreme inerme, SP there is an increase in catalase and lipid peroxidation. Conclusion: The study concludes that Spirulina platensis and Clerodendreme inerme extracts have a significant anti-Alzheimer activity. This is likely because the extracts contain a variety of nutrients, including saponins, oil, fat, phenolic compounds, tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, terpenoids, amino acids, steroids, proteins and carbs. Keywor