Blocking Translation of Oncogenic mRNA

Abstract

Double-stranded RNA-mediated interference (RNAi), antisense oligonucleotides (ASO), and ribozymes have excellent specificity to their target oncogenic mRNA. They also seem to show great promise when it comes to treating cancer. The problem is that RNAi, ASO, and ribozymes have poor stability and are constantly being degraded by nucleases. Researchers have made some efforts to increase antisense oligonucleotides’ stability by creating phospharimidate and Phosphorothioate. Currently, ribozymes, antisense oligonucleotides, and (RNAi) are the three main methods used to target RNA. These methods are currently undergoing clinical trials for the purpose of focusing on specific RNAs involved in disorders like cancer and neurodegeneration. In fact, ASOs that target amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and spinal muscular atrophy have produced promising results in clinical trials. The formation of chemical alterations that boost affinity and selectivity while reducing noxiousness owing to off-target impacts are two benefits of ASOs. Another benefit is increased affinity. With a focus on RNAi and ASOs, this review illustrated the main therapeutic strategies of RNA therapy now in use.