Review-Stem Cells in Neurological Diseases:Indian Perspective

Abstract

Stem cell therapy is under investigation in neurological diseases with currently sub optimal or no treatment available. They are hypothesized to produce new cells, or act as “chaperones or scaffolds” to repair and reconstruct neuronal circuitry and release the relevant neurotransmitters for ultimate functional improvement in the individual. They have the potential either to divide or multiply or differentiate into one or more cell type, usually in response to some kind of signal. In recent years, bone marrow derived stem cells have been successfully exploited as neurorestorative tool to augment brain recovery. In this review we have discussed the types and sources of stem cells, notable clinical studies published and ongoing trials in India involving Stroke, Parkinson’s disease, Spinal cord injury, ALS, Multiple Sclerosis etc and discuss the future prospects for more trials. All these studies proved the safety and feasibility of cell transplantation. Steady and focused progress in stem cell research in both preclinical and clinical settings in Indian subcontinent should support the hope for development of cell-based therapies as treatment in near future.