Innovations in the open-field vegetable growing

Abstract

The development of vegetable production has good prospects in the future, which will certainly contribute to the introduction of innovative technologies. The introduction of the food embargo has stimulated an increase in the production of vegetables. Using theoretical and empirical research methods, the authors identified a positive trend in the development of the industry as a whole in the Russian Federation and agricultural producers in the Moscow region in particular. The research clearly shows that the level of investments in the industry is insufficient, despite the strengthening of state support. Expanding the business of existing agricultural producers and launching new projects do not yet allow to fully solve the issue of self-sufficiency. The level of profitability of the production of vegetables of large and small producers in the range of 20-30%. The main factors of the effectiveness of the cultivation of vegetables (yield, product quality, production costs) are considered. The evolutionary characteristics of intensive technology of growing vegetables are also reviewed in the paper. Transitioning to an adapted biologized model of growing vegetables is proposed, which is based on environmental and economic aspects. Directions of this model: Constructing a competent plant protection, restoring soil fertility through working with crop residues, ensuring an effective use of mineral fertilizers. This innovative technology makes it possible, in the conditions of under-financing of the industry, to raise profitability in the vegetable farms to a level above 50% in a very short term.