ANALISA PERHITUNGAN JUMLAH TUBE DAN DIAMETER SHELL PADA KONDENSOR BERPENDINGIN AIR PADA SISTEM REFRIGERASI NH3

Abstract

Jenis penukar kalor sangatlah beragam dan masing masing dirancang untuk memenuhi kebutuhan yang spesifik. Namun demikian jenis shell & tube sejauh ini merupakan jenis yang paling banyak dipergunakan berkat konstruksinya relatif sederhana dan memiliki keandalan karena dapat dioperasikan dengan beberapa jenis fluida kerja. Efek pendinginan yang dihasilkan dalam sistem refrigerasi tergantung dari efektivitas kinerja kondensor. Sementara, kinerja kondensor semakin lama akan menurun seiring dengan terjadinya fouling factor. Pada penelitian ini dilakukananalisaperhitunganjumlah tube dan diameter shell padakondensor sebagai Alat Penukar Kalor (APK). Dari hasil analisaperhitunganadalah diameter shell 720 mm, jumlah tube 192 buah, diameter tube 38.1 mm, panjang tube 3 m, beda temperatur rata-rata LMTD 8.86 K.Dalam penentuan parameter temperatur desain kondensor sistem cooling-tower, harus mempertimbangkan kinerja cooling-tower dan perubahan temperatur udara. Kata kunci: kondensor, optimal, shell and tube Abstract-Heat Exchanger tools may vary from one another, Each of them is designed for specific uses. However, among all of these variants, shell and tube ar the most common in usage, in construction, and it has advantage that it can be used with different (several) kind of working fluid. The cooling effect that is produced by the refrigeration system depends on the performance effectivity of condenser. Meanwhile condencer performance will gradually decrease as the occurrence of fouling factor. In this research, There will be an optimal analysis of shell and tube thermal system as a Heat Exchanger. The optimum result is with shell's diameter is 720 mm, and the total amount of tube is 192 tubes, with the diameter is 38.1 mm, length is 3 m, The average temperature difference LMTD 8.86 K and with the overall Heat Exchanger coefficient is U 1448.21 W/m 2 K. In giving the temperature parameter into the design of cooling-tower condenser system, it need to consider about the cooling-tower performance and the changing temperature of air.