Wide Bandwidth Angle- and Polarization-Insensitive Symmetric Metamaterial Absorber for X and Ku Band Applications

Abstract

In this paper, a wide bandwidth angle- and polarization-insensitive symmetric metamaterial (MM) absorber for X and Ku band is proposed. For both normal and oblique incidence in TEM mode, the proposed unit cell shows high absorption at different polarizing angles due to structural symmetry. A four-fold resonator was introduced in the unit cell to enhance the bandwidth. The performance of the proposed absorber is determined by both full-wave simulations and measurements. The simulated and measured absorptions are almost similar at normal incidence with 94.63%, 95.58%, 97% and 75.58% at 11.31 GHz, 14.11 GHz, 14.23 GHz, and 17.79 GHz respectively. At 45° for these frequencies, the absorptions are 95.47%, 97.2%, 97.12% and 75.29% respectively. For 90°, the absorptions are similar to those for 45° except 98.15% for 14.21 GHz. At all these angles and resonance frequencies, either permittivity or permeability was found negative, as a result, the refractive index was negative revealing metamaterial characteristics of the unit cell. Along with high absorptivity and wide incidence angle insensitivity up to 90°, a total of 1.42 GHz of absorption bandwidth was achieved, which is better than recent similar works with FR4 substrate.