Lacate and pyruvate electrochemical biosensors for whole blood in extracorporeal experiments with an endocrine artificial pancreas

Abstract

Glucose, lactate, and pyruvate can be continuously measured in whole blood by using three extracorporeal electrochemical biosensors. We fixed two newly developed sensors, for lactate and pyruvate, in series with an endocrine artifical pancreas ('Betalike') without affecting its performance. These new sensors for use with whole blood should be able to clarfiy the fate of the intermediary metabolites of glucose in diabetic patients receiving infusions of drugs or insulin.