Home visiting to an HIV positive patient prior to initiation of HAART has Lasting impact on their adherence. TASO Experience

Abstract

Background Adherence to life saving Anti-retroviral drugs (ARVs) is important to the success of antiretroviral therapy (ART) programs. In order to achieve optimum viral suppression an adherence level of >95% is required. Readiness of the patient to take medication for life during the initiation process of ART is one of the key criteria used. If this criterion is under looked it has got adverse consequences on maintaining high level of adherence. The AIDS Support organization (TASO) put emphasis on patients' readiness and presence of family support as one of the criteria for ART initiation. Methods The AIDS Support Organization (TASO) is a national non governmental organization in Uganda, whose mission is preventing HIV infection, restoring hope and improving the quality of life of individuals, families and communities infected and affected by HIV and disease. Patients are usually screened for ART eligibility by CD4 and WHO staging. When the patient is found to be eligible a home visit is arranged for with the patient consent to. During the home visit, which is done by a counselor/field staff, psychological and social preparation is done. This involves seeking for long lasting family support to the patients, identification and addressing barriers to adherence in the home, and identification of a medicine supporter. Also during the home visit adherence plan is made by the patient and this is routinely reviewed during the subsequent counseling sessions. Results Retrospective analysis of the data at one of the centers (TASO Masindi). 78% of patients on ART were assessed for readiness for ART through home visit prior to initiation of ART. Out of these 85% had adherence level >95% while 78% of the patients not home visited had adherence level of <95%. Other findings were that, the proportion of patients on ART disclosing sero-status to family members has increased. Follow-up of Patient's in case of non adherence has been made easy since it is easy to review the adherence plans that have been made. Discussion Addressing psychological and social factors during a home visit contributes significantly to good adherence for people living with HIV/AIDS.