The prevalence of urinary incontinence and its influence on the quality of life in women from an urban Swedish population

Abstract

Objectives. To assess the prevalence of urinary incontinence and its influence on the quality of life. Material and methods. A random sample of every fourth woman aged greater than or equal to 20 years resident in a primary health care district of the city of Goteborg was obtained from the population register (n=2911). The women were invited by letter to complete a questionnaire concerning urinary incontinence. The women were also requested to assess their quality of life using a visual analogue scale. Results. The overall response rate was 77%. The prevalence of urinary incontinence increased (p<0.001) in a linear fashion from 3% in the cohort 20-29 years to 32% in the cohort of women aged greater than or equal to 80 years. The proportion of women suffering from stress incontinence decreased (p<0.001) with increasing age, while the proportion of women suffering from urge and mixed incontinence increased (p<0.01) with increasing age. Women with stress incontinence had a greater body weight and had given birth to a greater number of children compared to continent women. There was, however, in this respect no difference between women with urge incontinence and continent women. Women with urinary incontinence reported a poorer quality of life compared to continent women (p<0.01). Women with urge incontinence and women with mixed incontinence reported a poorer quality of life compared to women with stress incontinence (p<0.05). Only 6% of the women from this population had sought medical attention for urinary incontinence. Conclusions. Although urinary incontinence was a prevalent condition, particularly among the elderly and had a negative influence on the quality of life, only a small number of women had sought medical care.