EXTRAGALACTIC STAR-FORMING GALAXIES with HYPERNOVAE and SUPERNOVAE AS HIGH-ENERGY NEUTRINO and GAMMA-RAY SOURCES: The CASE of the 10 TeV NEUTRINO DATA

Abstract

In light of the latest IceCube data, we discuss the implications of the cosmic ray (CR) energy input from hypernovae (HNe) and supernovae (SNe) into the universe, and their propagation in the hosting galaxies and galaxy clusters or groups. The magnetic confinement of CRs in these environments may lead to efficient neutrino production via pp collisions, resulting in a diffuse neutrino spectrum extending from PeV down to 10 TeV energies, with a spectrum and flux level compatible with that recently reported by IceCube. If the diffuse 10 TeV neutrino background largely comes from such CR reservoirs, the corresponding diffuse γ-ray background should be compatible with the recent Fermi data. In this scenario, the CR energy input from HNe should be dominant over that of SNe, implying that the starburst scenario does not work if the SN energy budget is a factor of two larger than the HN energy budget. Thus, this strong case scenario can be supported or ruled out in the near future.