Avances en el estudio de los mecanismos involucrados en la modulación de la expresión de esclerostina en células humanas

Abstract

Sclerostin plays an important role in the regulation of bone metabolism, as is shown in the dramatic changes in bone mass which occur when its activity is inhibited by means of monoclonal antibodies. However, the mechanisms which regulate its expression are still not well-understood. Various studies have shown an association between polymorphisms of the SOST gene promoter (which codes for sclerostin) and bone mineral density. Also, the degree of methylation of a CpG island near the start of the transcription is associated with marked changes in the expression of the gene. Therefore, it appears that the production of sclerostin is influenced by both genetic and epigenetic mechanisms, in addition to other hormonal and mechanical factors. A greater knowledge of these mechanisms would not only contribute to a better understanding of bone biology, but could open up new therapeutic opportunities.