Influence of meal intake on pulse wave indices in type 2 diabetes

Abstract

Augmentation index (AI), brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) are available for the assessment of arterial stiffness in clinical practices. However, influences of meal intake on these indices are still poorly understood. The aim of this study is to elucidate the effects of daily meal intake on pulse wave indices in patients with type 2 diabetes. We studied 17 patients with type 2 diabetes. AI was measured at fasting, 60 and 120 min after a commercial mixed meal (500 kcal) intake. The baPWV and CAVI were measured at fasting and 80-100 min after meal intake. All pulse indices decreased significantly after meal intake (AI, 89.3±9.7% to 77.9±9.4%, 82.0±8.4%, P<0.001; baPWV, 1652±286- 1586±240 cm s-1, P<0.002; CAVI, 9.52±0.92-9. 20±0.89, P<0.037). Δ 120 (value 120 min after meal intakefasting value) AI correlated significantly with age, body weight, Δ 120 systolic blood pressure (SBP), Δ 120 diastolic blood pressure, Δ 120 pulse pressure, Δ 120 heart rate and fasting AI. Δ (postprandial valuefasting value) baPWV correlated significantly with fasting baPWV, Δ SBP, Δ pulse pressure and HbA1c. In contrast, Δ CAVI did not correlate with any clinical variables. In conclusion, postprandial decreases in AI, baPWV and CAVI can lead to underestimate arterial stiffness in patients with type 2 diabetes. Postprandial changes in AI and baPWV, but not CAVI, are associated with changes in hemodynamic variables after daily meal intake. © 2010 The Japanese Society of Hypertension All rights reserved.