The Influence of Acceptance and Usage of the ChatGPT Application among National University of Malaysia Students

Abstract

ChatGPT (Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer) is a form of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) technology introduced by OpenAI, with global access to the GPT-3.5 version made available in November 2022. In line with technological advancements, GPT-4.0 is now offered to facilitate natural text-based interactions and generate responses tailored to users' needs, particularly in the field of education. Its capabilities in providing answers, generating ideas, assisting with writing, and analysing data have led to increased usage among university students for completing academic assignments. However, the factors influencing the use and acceptance of this application remain uncertain, as the technology is still newly applied. Therefore, this study aims to identify the predictive factors that influence the use of ChatGPT among students at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM). The study adopts the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) as its foundation, focusing on two main factors—perceived usefulness and ease of use— along with two additional factors, namely trust and interactivity, based on previous studies. This study involves 200 UKM students who are technologically literate and familiar with ChatGPT. The sample was selected through purposive sampling, and data were collected via a survey using an online questionnaire (Google Form). The findings indicate that interactivity and perceived usefulness significantly influence the use and acceptance of ChatGPT, whereas perceived ease of use and trust do not show a significant impact. This study is expected to serve as a reference for universities in assessing the development of GenAI applications among students, as well as assisting in the formulation of strategies for integrating interactive technology skills into teaching and learning.