Design and Optimization of Vivaldi Antennas for Enhanced Breast Cancer Detection

Abstract

Breast cancer remains a significant health challenge, with traditional detection methods such as mammography, ultrasound and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) exhibiting limitations in sensitivity and accessibility. This study investigates the design and optimization of Vivaldi antennas for ultra-wideband (UWB) microwave imaging to enhance breast cancer detection capabilities. Vivaldi antennas are recognized for their broad frequency coverage, effective impedance matching, and high radiation efficiency. Utilizing the Gibson method and CST Microwave Studio (CSTMWS), a Vivaldi antenna was fabricated on an FR4 substrate, achieving dimensions of 52.45 × 53 mm². Experimental and simulated results demonstrate excellent performance in terms of return loss, gain, and radiation efficiency across a frequency range of 2.55 GHz to 10.23 GHz. The findings suggest that integrating advanced Vivaldi antenna technology into breast cancer detection systems can significantly improve early diagnosis and patient outcomes, providing a non-invasive and accurate detection method for this critical health issue.