Therapeutic Effect of Goat Milk Yogurt on Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α) Expression and Histopathology Changes of Aorta in Hypercholesterolemic Rat (Rattus norvegicus)

Abstract

ARTICLE INFO abstract Hypercholesterolemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease which causes the formation of oxidized LDL and triggers an inflammatory reaction, characterized by the release of cytokines TNF-α in the aorta. Goat milk yogurt containing lactic acid bacteria (LAB), bioactive peptides and antioxidants be an alternative therapy of hypercholesterolemia to reduce blood cholesterol levels. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of goat milk yogurt therapy for hypercholesterolemia in terms of the expression of TNF-α and histopathological picture of the aorta. This study used 20 male rats Rattus norvegicus, Wistar strain were divided into 5 groups: control group (A), hypercholesterolemia group (B), hypercholesterolemia group and therapeutic dose of 300mg / kg (C), hypercholesterolemia group and therapeutic dose of 600mg / kg (D), as well as hypercholesterolemia and therapeutic dose group of 900mg/kg (E). Rat model of hypercholesterolemia got hypercholesterolemia diet for 14 days and goat milk yogurt therapy for 28 days. The results showed highly significant differences for each treatment group (p <0.01), which contained an average decrease in the expression of TNF-α by 61.14% (C); 37.54% (D); and 17.89% (E). Besides picture aortic histopathology showed that there was no improvement of endothelial desquamation, reduced lipid accumulation and infiltration of inflammatory cells in the aorta. The conclusion from this research that therapy goat milk yogurt can decrease the expression of TNF-α and improve picture rat aortic histopathology hypercholesterolemia models, with the most effective dose is a dose of 900mg/kg.