Hip Joint: Embryology, Anatomy and Biomechanics

Abstract

Abstract Introduction: Hip joint is matchless developmentally, anatomically and physiologically. It avails both mobility and stability. As the structural linkage between the axial skeleton and lower limbs, it plays a pivotal role in transmitting forces from the ground up and carrying forces from the trunk, head, neck and upper limbs down. This Article reviews the embryology, anatomy and biomechanics of the hip to give a hand in diagnosis, evaluation and treatment of hip disorders. Discussion: Exact knowledge about development, anatomy and biomechanics of hip joint has been a topic of interest and debate in literature dating back to at least middle of 18th century, as Hip joint is liable for several number of pediatric and adult disorders. The proper acting of the hip counts on the normal development and congruence of the articular surfaces of the femoral head (ball) and the acetabulum (socket). It withstands enormous loads from muscular, gravitational and joint reaction forces inherent in weight bearing. Conclusion: The clinician must be familiar with the normal embryological, anatomical and biomechanical features of the hip joint. For early diagnosis, evaluation and proper treatment of hip disorders.